OP, you spent 600$ on 6 different gaming headsets in the last 7 years, of which most simply broke. I don't think I even need to say why gaming headsets suck so much
Anyway, the best thing you can do is think about why you didn't like your only full-sized headset and simply get over it. You've owned it for a month, if it was your fist full-sized encounter I can definitely see you needing more time to get used to.
One of the issues you mention is "it made me talk louder," well that's because you bought closed-back headset. Closed-back design means the outer part of the cuffs is sealed of from the outside, so you won't be able to hear what's going on elsewhere. You also won't be able to hear your own voice very well/ at all. This is what made you talk louder (btw most people can work over this at the age of 10...). Fortunately there's another option - open headphones.
Open headphones aren't completely sealed off from the outside, meaning they allow for greater airflow through the driver. What this means is that they don't seal as well, you'll be able to hear what's going on around you and your voice quiet well (obviously depending on what and how loud you're listening to). It also means that anybody remotely close to you will be able to hear what you're listening to. But there's another great thing about open headphones.
What makes a good "gaming" headphones? It's positioning - being able to tell where something is based on sound. And for that you need as big of a soundstage as possible. Soundstage is the sense that sounds are coming from some distance beyond the headphone driver. This is something open headphones are much better at, because of all the airflow.
You need to make a choice, open or closed headphones.
Another one of your complaints was the weight - at 255g your Logitech ones were actually quiet light. It doesn't get much lighter than that. I think it's simply something you will have to get used to and it might take a bit more than a month. I have one pair that weight 440g and I got used to it pretty quickly.
The last thing I'm going to tell you about is the mic. You don't need to buy a studio mic that takes half the space on your desk. I, for example own the Zalman clip-on mic and don't even notice it being on my desk as it's so small (no, you don't have to clip it to something).
Amazon 7.56$
Another option is the Antlion ModMic, which you can attach to any of your headphones. I've heard a lot of great stuff about this mic.
AntLion 49.95$
Now as far as headphones/ headsets go here's my suggestions.
1. If you really insist on a headset you will never go wrong with the Sennheiser PC360. It's a bit over your budget but you will be able to keep that one forever (remember 600$ in 7 years?). Also, it's really good.
Amazon 309.99$
2. If you really want any behind the head stuff unforutnetely I don't know about any. But you can buy clip-on headphones.
For example the great Koss KSC75 a.k.a. why are these so cheap. These clip-ons are actually quiet amazing and will straight up beat any of your previously owned headsets... for 14.88$.
Amazon link
And if you want to spend more money and get a bit more you can always buy Yuin G1A.
Amazon 149$
If you decide on full-full sized headphones I'll need some more input from you, because your choice is far greater and you can actually be picky.
Hope that helped!